-
Tonality
Tonality is a common hierarchical framework in use in western music from approximately 1600 CE or so. For some of western music history, tonality is the best way to describe pitch relationships in music. Starting toward the end of the 19th Century and the beginning of the 20th, tonality became less straightforward, and eventually multiple…
-
Lesson 7: Basic Chromaticism, Part 1
AKA modulation and secondary dominants First, let’s start with the title: Chromaticism. Up until now, we’ve only been looking at chords that don’t need any extra sharps or flats, once we determine what key signature we should be using, known as diatonic harmony. However, most classical music uses some sharps or flats at least part of…
-
Lesson 6: Diminished chords
We’ve almost finished covering most of the chords present in diatonic classical music. If you have any previous experience with chord analysis, there are a couple chords you’re probably wondering about. We’ll discuss diminished triads and seventh chords today. To start, let’s review some intervals. Intervals like seconds, thirds, sixths, and seventh come in the…
-
Main Ideas
This page will continue to be updated after every new lesson to include the bolded concepts in one place. Please let me know if anything is unclear. Lesson 1: Form: the large scale way a piece of music is put together. Formal Analysis describes various sections for a piece of music, and how they interrelate.…
-
Lesson 5: Diatonic Substitute functions, beginning prolongation
Remember last week the chord P6? In context of C major and a given piece, this sonority is Predominant, but has a sixth above the fa in the bass, instead of a fifth. In a different context, these notes (re fa la) might have a different function. That is one of the most important things…
-
Lesson 4: Numbers
(We’re going to be in C major all day today.) Back in lesson 2 we talked about triads. We defined a triad as being a chord made of three notes, each a third apart. Because of octave equivalence, triads can look like many things. Here’s what the close-packed version looks like: But all these are…
-
Lesson 3: Predominants and Subdominants
ok, let’s talk about minor. Listen to the first 15 seconds of these two recordings: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zB9INrprn0M https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zvRWFD_1_M The first recording is the first movement (“Prelude”) from JS Bach’s Partita no 3 in E major, and the second is the fifth movement (“Chaconne”) from Bach’s Partita no 2 in D minor, both for unaccompanied Violin. While…
-
Lesson 2: Tonic and Dominant
Last week we covered open and closed cadences, using in part, the Theme from Mozart K331 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dP9KWQ8hAYk. This week we will only need the first 22 seconds. For reference, the music notation looks like this: Don’t worry if note reading doesn’t come easily to you. There are plenty of ways to learn to read music…
-
Lesson 1: Cadence and Form
The most common type of musical analysis is arguably formal analysis. Formal analysis answers the question: How are the large parts of this music related to one another? Form analysis is one of the first types of analysis non-specialist music-lovers grasp; think of any pre-concert talk, program notes, or the like. These often consist of…
-
Lesson 0: What is analysis?
This blog is about Functional Analysis in music. For people already familiar with music analysis, I have an explanation of what I believe FA is and does https://functionalanalysis.wordpress.com/what-is-functional-analysis/ But, I’m also expanding to start posting about how to learn FA from the ground up, whether you are a musician, not, or somewhere in between, so…